Abstract
Based on data from 2008 thru the 2014 Communities that Care Youth Survey (CCYS), the authors examine change in lifetime use frequencyof heroin and misuse of prescription opiates using a cohort longitudinal model. The cohort were 6th graders in 2008; 8th graders in 2010; 10th graders in 2012 and 12th graders in 2014. Findings indicate a declining numbers of abstainers for both drugs and moderate associations between using both drugs in all 4 grades. Implications for delinquency models are discussed.
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