Abstract
Summary A study of the above ground and below ground growth of alder, willow and poplar on four poorly restored landfill sites in Merseyside has been carried out, in conjunction with measurements of physical site characteristics. Soil gas analysis identified the incidence of high methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2) and low oxygen (O2) concentrations in the root zone at some sites. Statistical analysis revealed that tree roots were inhibited by high soil bulk density. Height growth was also inhibited by soil compaction, and high soil CO2 and low oxygen concentrations. The results demonstrate that satisfactory woodland can only be achieved if adequate physical soil conditions are obtained. However, the study also shows that useful woodlands may develop without a detailed and expensive restoration prescription.
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