Examination of the influence of hydrothermal treatment of textile materials on their physical and mechanical properties and development of innovative technology

Abstract

Relevance. Investigation in the field of textile materials and the effect of processing on their properties, is relevant, as it helps to develop more effective processing methods and increase the resistance of textile materials to the influence of various factors, which is important for both manufacturers and consumers. Purpose. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of hydrothermal processing of textile materials on their physical and mechanical properties, develop a technology for the production of clothing using a new method (device) of press equipment for hydrothermal processing of composite material. Methodology. The analysis method was used during the study, and an experiment was also conducted in which the temperature of the steam that did not fall below 160°C was used when processing the selected fabric samples, and the temperature of the working bodies of the press for forming the back was at least 110°C. Results. As a result, the influence of hydrothermal treatment on the properties of textile materials was examined in detail and established. Having analysed the existing method of hydrothermal treatment using a vacuum unit, it was established that the conventional method of treatment leads to a substantial decrease in fabric thickness, breaking load and air permeability. It was also noted that during the hydrothermal treatment of the material, it is exposed under the influence of pressure. This leads to densification and flattening of the threads inside the material, creating flat areas, which causes adverse changes in the physical and mechanical characteristics of the fabric. Conclusions. These factors indicate a potential deterioration in the quality and durability of textile products, which can increase the percentage of defects and negatively affect consumer satisfaction. This study also points to the prospects of using a vacuum installation in hydrothermal treatment, which allows preserving the desired properties of materials, improving the quality of the final products. The practical importance of the results of this study lies in the possibility of improving the quality of textile products and reducing the damage to materials, which is important for ensuring longer operation of textile products and increasing consumer satisfaction