Abstract
High penetrations of inverter-based renewable resources (IBRs) diminish the resilience that traditional power systems had due to constant research and developments for many years. In particular, dynamic voltage stability becomes one of the major concerns for transmission system operators due to the limited capabilities of IBRs (i.e., voltage and frequency regulation). A heavily loaded renewable-rich network is susceptible to fault-induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR) due to insufficient effective reactive power (E-VAr) in power grids. Hence, it is crucial to thoroughly scrutinize each VAr resources’ participation in E-VAr under various operating conditions. Moreover, it is essential to investigate the influence of E-VAr on system post-fault performance. The E-VAr investigation would help in determining the optimal location and sizing of grid-connected IBRs and allow more renewable energy integration. Furthermore, it would enrich decision-making about adopting additional grid support devices. In this paper, a comprehensive assessment framework is utilized to assess the E-VAr of a power system with a large-scale photovoltaic power. Plant under different realistic operating conditions. Several indices quantifying the contribution of VAr resources and load bus voltage recovery assists to explore the transient response and voltage trajectories. The recovery indices help have a better understanding of the factors affecting E-VAr. The proposed framework has been tested in the New England (IEEE 39 bus system) through simulation by DIgSILENT Power Factory.
Highlights
Renewable energy has received widespread interest from individuals, organizations, and governments in the last two decades
In this paper, each VAr source contribution towards the system effective VAr (E-VAr) has comprehensively been assessed. These analyses considered the system responses during the steady-state, sub-transient, and transient time frame to determine the E-VAr under different operating conditions
The VAr sources considered in this research are synchronous generators (SGs) with the detailed model, PV inverters with fixed d and q current limit, and transmission lines with nominal Pi ( ) model
Summary
Renewable energy has received widespread interest from individuals, organizations, and governments in the last two decades. The hope for clean, green, and affordable energy has significantly transformed the energy sector. The distribution network has been restructured, and there has been a major change in the concept of power flow. Roof-top PVs on residential and commercial buildings have become increasingly popular. Future grid features include active consumers, controllable loads, and bidirectional power flow. Transmission and sub-transmission networks may experience a remarkable change.
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