Abstract
Sensitivity analysis is an important tool that can be used for calibration of river flow models. Generally, friction coefficient is used as a calibration parameter for steady-state one-dimensional shallow water flow models. In this study, the local sensitivity analysis is used to derive a general rule for calibration of prismatic open channel models. For this, the sensitivity of the water depth to the friction coefficient is analytically derived for one-dimensional steady flow conditions in a wide rectangular channel. Also, the parameter of influence distance is defined to calibrate a channel reach using stage measurement at a given location. This characteristic distance allows 90% of the maximum possible variation in the sensitivity of the water depth to the friction coefficient to be captured. This parameter estimates the optimal length of a channel reach over which the friction coefficient can be calibrated from stage measurement. This length locates downstream of the stage measurement point in subcrit...
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