Abstract
The ground-state phase diagram is analyzed for a one-dimensional Ising model with long range interaction in the presence of uniform and staggered magnetic fields; the interaction is antiferromagnetic and its strength decays exponentially with distance. The exact renormalization formulas for the interactions between interfaces are derived, which is used to calculate the phase diagram hierarchically. The phase diagram is self-similar, and it contains upsilon points and devil's staircases; this agrees with the result of Aubry, Axel and Vallet [J. Phys. C 18 (1985) 753] for an equivalent model obtained by a different method. A simple “phase rule” presenting what kind of phases appear and how they are located in the phase diagram is derived. The application of this rule to the phase diagram of betaine calcium chloride dihydrate is discussed.
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