Ex-Vivo Tissues Engineering Modeling for Reconstructive Surgery Using Human Adult Adipose Stem Cells and Polymeric Nanostructured Matrix.

Francesco Morena,Carla Emiliani,Chiara Argentati,Francesco D’Angelo,Marino Cordellini,Sabata Martino,Eleonora Calzoni

doi:10.3390/nano6040057

Abstract

The major challenge for stem cell translation regenerative medicine is the regeneration of damaged tissues by creating biological substitutes capable of recapitulating the missing function in the recipient host. Therefore, the current paradigm of tissue engineering strategies is the combination of a selected stem cell type, based on their capability to differentiate toward committed cell lineages, and a biomaterial, that, due to own characteristics (e.g., chemical, electric, mechanical property, nano-topography, and nanostructured molecular components), could serve as active scaffold to generate a bio-hybrid tissue/organ. Thus, effort has been made on the generation of in vitro tissue engineering modeling. Here, we present an in vitro model where human adipose stem cells isolated from lipoaspirate adipose tissue and breast adipose tissue, cultured on polymeric INTEGRA® Meshed Bilayer Wound Matrix (selected based on conventional clinical applications) are evaluated for their potential application for reconstructive surgery toward bone and adipose tissue. We demonstrated that human adipose stem cells isolated from lipoaspirate and breast tissue have similar stemness properties and are suitable for tissue engineering applications. Finally, the overall results highlighted lipoaspirate adipose tissue as a good source for the generation of adult adipose stem cells.

Highlights

Regeneration of bona fide soft or hard tissues is critical for reconstruction of several damaged tissues
We addressed whether human adipose stem cells isolated from adipose lipoaspirate tissue and adipose breast tissue could have comparable tissue engineering applications
We isolated human adipose mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) from healthy lipoaspirate adipose tissue (L-ASCs) and healthy breast adipose tissue (B-ASCs) and evaluated the mesenchymal stem cell properties; we cultured both L-ASCs and B-ASCs on INTEGRA® Meshed Bilayer Wound Matrix nanostructured polymer to assess the generation of ex-vivo transplantable tissues modeling

Summary

Introduction

Regeneration of bona fide soft or hard tissues is critical for reconstruction of several damaged tissues (due to, e.g., breast cancer defects, soft tissue augmentation, facial defects, bone cancer, and osteo-degenerative diseases). In this regard, the tissue engineering approaches could be a hold promise [5,6,7]. The tissue engineering approaches could be a hold promise [5,6,7] This biotechnology combines the own therapeutic potential of stem cells, to replace healthy differentiated cells within the host tissue/organ, and biomaterials, to recreate the three-dimensional (3D) architecture of the tissue providing signals to guide the stem cell differentiation (mechanotransduction mechanisms) [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20].

Methods

Results

Conclusion