Abstract
Confocal microscopy with invivo and exvivo modalities has been used in the evaluation of skin cancer and other dermatological disorders. Recent developments in exvivo confocal microscopy allow for faster pathology assessment with greater accuracy by the visualization of cellular and architectural details, similarly to standard pathology, in either paraffin-embedded or frozen samples. They include the possibility of multimodal confocal microscopy using different lasers and fusion images. New staining protocols including immunostaining, with no damage to conventional histopathology preparation, have been recently described in melanocytic tumours and inflammatory skin diseases. Digital staining with haematoxylin and eosin is also incorporated in the new devices. In this review the applications of exvivo confocal microscopy will be presented with the description of the technique and the technology, clinical evidence in dermatology and other fields, and further applications.
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