Abstract
Television in France has been a significant element of public life. A majority of governments in the 4th and 5th Republics aimed to control audiovisual information. Television was present even before WWII, yet it could not develop. After the war its progress was inhibited by the long-term monopoly of the state. As the political forces were changing, so were the organizations controlling television. Due to the reforms of the 1980’s two sectors emerged in France: the state owned sector and the privately owned sector. At present the audiovisual landscape of France is made up of the public sector, incorporating French Television with channels F2 and F3, ARTE, TV5 and Canal France International, and a private sector with Canal Plus (Canal + since 1984), M6, La Cinquieme and TF1. Since its privatization of nearly twenty years ago, TF1 has been the leading channel.
Highlights
Grupy te mia3y pokrywaæ 50% kwot, zaœ druga czêœæ kapita3u by3a oddana publicznoœci (40%) i pracownikom (10%)
M6, to kolejna prywatna telewizja, utworzona w 1986 roku na podstawie koncesji pañstwowej udzielonej kilku udzia3owcom: Publicis (25%), Gaumont (25%), NRJ (18%), pracownicy (10%)
Since its privatization of nearly twenty years ago, TF1 has been the leading channel
Summary
Problemy mediów we Francji w ogóle, a telewizji w szczególnoœci, stanowi3y i stanowi[1] nadal wa¿ny element ¿ycia publicznego. Pierwsza regularna emisja telewizyjna zosta3a zapocz1tkowana w roku 1937, jednak¿e poszukiwania maj1ce na celu stworzenie statutu telewizji w latach powojennych oraz monopol pañstwowy wyraŸnie wp3ywa3y na jej stabilnoœæ. Jednak¿e od roku 1946 a¿ do 1958 ¿aden z ponad szesnastu projektów i propozycji ustaw nie zosta[3] zaakceptowany, nadal pozostawano w sytuacji niejasnoœci i rozwi1zañ tymczasowych, którymi zadawala3y siê kolejne rz1dy, tym bardziej, i¿ taka rzeczywistoœæ pozwala3a im lepiej kontrolowaæ ca3y system. 1 „[...] rzeczywiœcie Francji nie uda3o siê uregulowaæ problemu statutu œrodków audiowizualnych, podczas gdy w Stanach Zjednoczonych, w Niemczech i w Wielkiej Brytanii zasady i reformy re¿imu radia i telewizji by3y szybko i 3atwo zatwierdzone wbrew tocz1cym siê dyskusjom” – t3um B. Les médias dans le monde, Paris 1994, s. 107
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
