EVs Owner Benefit Evaluation Through Energy Exchange in the Smart Radial Distribution Network

Abstract

Smart radial distribution network improves the two-way communication between the grid operator and electric vehicles (EVs) car parking operator through an aggregator. By two-way communication, EV energy management can be proposed in smart radial distribution networks. The EVs energy management in smart radial distribution networks helps in energy saving and also improves the reliability and stability of the network. A smart radial distribution network is proposed here with an aggregator, power market, G-2-V, and V-2-G facility. A novel energy exchange approach based on the profit-sharing principle for EV charging/discharging patterns is presented for three types of EVs of different capacities with state of charge uncertainties for benefits of EV owners, energy saving for grid operator and, vehicle-to-grid car parking operators. For introducing a real-time EV charging/discharging management approach an IEEE-33 bus system of the Saudi Arabia United Kingdom rural location is selected. The traffic pattern of Saudi Arabia is used for implementing the proposed charging/discharging approach with the three most popular EVs used in the city. The energy exchange algorithm presented here is implemented and tested on MATLAB 2020a software. Here, environmental impacts are also analyzed by calculating carbon emission particles.