Abstract
The effect of CuO addition on the microstructure and ionic conductivity of 8 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) were investigated. Undoped and 1 mol%, 1.5 mol%, 2 mol%, 2.5 mol% and 3 mol% CuO-doped 8YSZ bulks were prepared by sol-gel synthesis, cold pressing forming, and high-temperature sintering. The microstructure, phase composition, and ionic conductivity of the samples were characterized in detail to determine whether it could be used as alternative electrolyte material for the intermediate and low temperature solid oxide fuel cells. The results reveal that all samples present cubic zirconia. With increasing the CuO-doping content, the lattice parameter of the samples decreases, while the relative density of the samples increases from 66 to 85%, and the mean grain size increases from 0.90 to 2.63 μm. Furthermore, it is found that 2 mol% CuO doped 8YSZ possesses the minimum activation energy of 0.945 eV and the maximum AC ionic conductivity of 5.75 × 10−2 S·cm−1 measured at 750 °C. The change in the ionic conductivity with the CuO-doping content is closely related to microstructural evolution and defect association in the materials.
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