Evolution of women physician leadership at the Ottawa Hospital, 2011–2022: a mixed method study by the Women Physician Leadership Committee

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the evolution of women physician leadership after implementation of initiatives introduced by the Women Physician Leadership Committee (WPLC) from 2011 to 2022 at The Ottawa Hospital (TOH). Methods: We conducted a mixed-methods study using a transformative sequential research design. During phase 1 (2011–2022), we held three rounds of semi-structured interviews with division and departments heads. The results were organized into eight themes, providing insight into TOH’s work environment and culture. In phase 2, we determined the number of women physicians holding privileges and leadership positions at TOH in 2011, 2016, and 2022. Results: Despite an increase in the number of women physicians over the last decade (from 30% (255/862) in 2011 to 42.5% (486/1144) in 2022), the number of women division and department heads did not change significantly. In fact, only one of 12 department head positions has been held by a woman. We compiled comments from division and department heads to capture various perspectives and provide concrete examples of efforts and barriers to women physician leadership. Interpretation: We attribute the progress we have achieved in the last 11 years to the WPLC’s initiatives. Among other positive changes, there has been an increase in the number of formal mentoring opportunities, as well as the number of leaders who consider bringing in a locum when needed to balance the workload. Although progress toward achieving gender parity at TOH is encouraging, it has not eliminated barriers that women in medicine face. Further intentional change is required to counteract deeply rooted societal constructs within TOH culture.