Abstract
Wireless sensor networks form the crux of a wide range of automated applications that are gaining popularity with every passing day. The journey of wireless sensor networks has seen simple sensory monitoring to sensing-processing-actuation based end-to-end applications to the design and deployment of highly sophisticated service-oriented use cases. This highly disruptive field has seen rapid transformations to gain insights and assess the relative merits. Demerits of competing design strategies, it very important to know the evolutionary milestones this technology has undergone in achieving the state-of-the-art in this area. In this article, a systematic review is carried out that captures the evolution of architectural designs and developments in wireless sensor network–based applications. This review delves into the relative pros and cons of various epochs in developments and delineates the future areas of research in wireless sensor network design paradigm.
Highlights
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise a large number of sensor nodes which are generally used for various applications, such as target tracking, pressure monitoring, health monitoring, fire detection, and so on
It motivates us to think about the solution of WSN communication architecture that should be based on the user perspectives for ease of modification or enhancement, flexible enough to incorporate the current and future requirements, interoperability between service, reusability of codes, automatic service selection, and composition
Application-oriented design of WSNs fails to cater to the complexity of advanced WSN-based use cases that demand automated and agile development
Summary
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) comprise a large number of sensor nodes which are generally used for various applications, such as target tracking, pressure monitoring, health monitoring, fire detection, and so on. Song and Hatinakos[65] have proposed a target tracking protocol for the densely deployed WSN In this approach, the MAC and application layer perform direct communication as shown in low energy selforganizing protocol design (Figure 18). The advantages of the middleware include (1) simplification of complex application development; (2) it provides the interface for the abstraction, reusability, communication between components, and integration; (3) it hides the implementation details of the underlying heterogeneous platform, communication details, and distribution.[70] The development of middleware is not an easy task due to various constraints like integration with real world, hardware, heterogeneity, scalability, network optimization, application knowledge, and so on.[71] Various designs and approaches have been suggested as a middleware for WSNs. Some middleware approaches shall be be presented . SOA has characteristics, namely, loosely coupled, location transparency, and technology neutral which is required to build flexible architecture
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