Abstract
This study provides trends in obesity prevalence in adults from 2013 to 2016 in France. 63,582 men and women from independent samples upon inclusion from the Constances cohort were included. Anthropometrics were measured at Health Screening Centers and obesity defined as a Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2; obesity classes according to BMI are as follows: class 1 [30–34.9]; class 2 [35–39.9]; class 3 [≥ 40 kg/m2]. Linear trends across obesity classes by sex and age groups were examined in regression models and percentage point change from 2013 to 2016 for each age category calculated. All analyses accounted for sample weights for non-response, age and sex-calibrated to the French population. Prevalence of obesity ranged from 14.2 to 15.2% and from 14 to 15.3% in women and men respectively from 2013 to 2016. Class 1 obesity category prevalence was the only one to increase significantly across survey years in both men and women (p for linear trend = 0.04 and 0.01 in women and men respectively). The only significant increase for obesity was observed in the age group 18–29 y in both women and men (+ 2.71% and + 3.26% point increase respectively, equivalent to an approximate rise of 50% in women and 93% in men, p = 0.03 and 0.02 respectively). After adjustment for survey non-response and for age and sex distribution, the results show that class 1 obesity prevalence has significantly increased in both women and men from 2013 to 2016, and only in young adults in a representative sample of the French population aged 18–69 years old.
Highlights
The prevalence of obesity has rapidly risen from the beginning of the 1980s, reaching the count of more than 2 billion people affected worldwide in 2 0151
A total of 65,071 subjects affiliated to the General Social Security Regime from the Constances cohort were selected from survey years 2013–2016 (Fig. 1) and pregnant women (N = 334) were excluded
Comparison of survey sample in the Constances study with the general French population is presented in Supplementary Table 1
Summary
The prevalence of obesity has rapidly risen from the beginning of the 1980s, reaching the count of more than 2 billion people affected worldwide in 2 0151. Worldwide data based on 1698 studies has shown that the global prevalence of obesity has increased from 3.2 to 10.8% in men and from 6.4 to 14.9% in women between 1975 and 20141. The Esteban study conducted by Public Health France has estimated that the prevalence of obesity was 17.2% in adults aged 18–74 years of age (n = 3,000). Cross sectional data from the Constances cohort conducted in 2013 on participants aged 30–69 has found a prevalence of obesity of 15.8% in men and 15.6% in women. The main objective of this paper is to present the most recent trends in obesity prevalence using standardised operational protocols for weight and height measurements for survey years 2013–2016 among adults in France from the Constances c ohort. The second objective is to study the prevalence of obesity by lifestyle factors such as smoking and physical activity as well as its association with income and education
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