Abstract
The depletion of mining resources has led to a sharp increase in gangue minerals. The use of flotation technology with seawater, which is rich in Ca2+ and Mg2+, has gradually increased. However, these ions may affect the flotation process. Herein, we study the effects of the addition of Ca2+ and Mg2+ on the process and products of malachite sulfidization. Analysis of the S layer on the mineral surface indicates that the quantities of S components generated on the malachite surface decrease in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Additionally, Ca2+ and Mg2+ induce the excessive generation of oxidized S species (SOn2−) during sulfidization, which inhibits the formation of Cu2S. Furthermore, both the solubility of malachite and the consumption of collector ions in the solution increase in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Microflotation experiments confirm that Ca2+ and Mg2+ result in insufficient sulfidization properties on the malachite surface and reductions in the activity of the sulfidization products, leading to a decrease in sample floatability.
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