Evolution of Structure, Microstructure, Electrical and Magnetic Properties of Nickel Oxide (NiO) with Transition Metal ion Doping

P Mallick,N C Mishra

doi:10.5923/j.materials.20120203.06

Abstract

We present a brief review on the evolution of structure, microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties of NiO with transition metal (TM) doping. The fcc structure of NiO is not affected with TM doping whereas the some of the TM ion influences the microstructure. The antiferromagnetic property of NiO is strongly modified with some of the TM (Fe, Mn, V) doping and the same is not much affected with some other TM (Co, Cr, Zn and Cu) doping. Not only the dopants but also the form of the material decides the magnetic order in the host matrix. Powder NiO exhibits room tem- perature ferromagnetism with Fe doping, superparamagnetism with Mn doping. NiO thin films on the other hand exhibit ferromagnetism with Fe, Mn and V doping. The ferromagnetic ordering in these cases was improved with Li co-doping. The increased ferromagnetism in these cases may be due to increase of hole concentration due to Li doping. Giant dielectric response has been observed for (Li, Fe) and (Li, V) doped NiO ceramics.

Highlights

The different properties that a material exhibits can undergo extensive modification on doping with foreign elements
Nickel Oxide (NiO) has been considered as a promising functional material for varieties of applications as smart windows, spin valves giant magneto resistance (GMR) sensor, solar cells,p-type transparent conducting electrodes, gas sensors, high permittivity dielectric material and electrochromic material for displays etc
The effect of V, Cr, Cu and Zn doping and their co-doping with Li on the magnetic properties of NiO thin films have been studied[63]

Summary

Introduction

The different properties that a material exhibits can undergo extensive modification on doping with foreign elements. NiO has been considered as a promising functional material for varieties of applications as smart windows, spin valves giant magneto resistance (GMR) sensor, solar cells,p-type transparent conducting electrodes, gas sensors, high permittivity dielectric material and electrochromic material for displays etc. It is a prototype p-type transparent conducting oxide[6,7] due to vacancy at Ni2+ sites[8,9]. Doping of other transition metal elements at Ni site modifies the magnetic, electrical, optical and to some extent. We present a brief review on the evolution of structure, microstructure, electrical and magnetic properties of NiO, on doping with different TM elements

Evolution of Structure and Microstructure of Nio with Transition Metal Doping

Evolution of Electrical Properties of NiO with Transition metal Doping

Evolution of Magnetic Properties of Nio with Transition Metal Doping

Findings

Conclusions