Evolution of Pinatubo aerosol near 19 km altitude over western North America

Abstract

Stratospheric aerosols, collected near 19 km altitude on wire impactors over western North America from August 20, 1991 to May 11, 1993, show strong influence of the June 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Lognormal size distributions are bimodal; each of the mode radii increases and reaches maximum value at about 15 months after eruption. The second (large particle) mode becomes well developed then, and about 40% of the droplets are larger than 0.4 µm radius. The eruption of Mt. Spurr (Alaska) may also have contributed to this. Sulfate mass loading decays exponentially (e‐folding 216 days), similar to El Chichon. Silicates are present in samples only immediately after eruption. Two years after eruption, sulfate mass loading is about 0.4 µg/m³, about an order of magnitude higher than background pre‐volcanic values. Aerosol size distributions are still bimodal with a very well‐defined large droplet mode.