Abstract
Introduction: the context of the Covid-19 pandemic in the Brazilian North region is worrying. There is a lack of resources for Public Health, a low human development index, and poverty indicators above the national average. Objective: to analyze mortality and lethality from COVID-19 in the State of Roraima, Brazil. Methods: this is an ecological time-series study of secondary data on COVID-19 in Roraima, Northern Brazil, from March 2020 to July 2021. The incidence, mortality, and lethality rates due to COVID-19 were calculated. The Prais-Winsten regression model was used to calculate the time series trends. Trends were classified as increasing, decreasing, or stationary. The trend was considered static when the p-value was not significant (p>0.05). Results: in the state of Roraima, from March 2020 to July 2021, there were 123,125 cases and 1,903 accumulated deaths due to COVID-19. The first wave (March 2020 to October 2021) of COVID-19 recorded the incidence rate (2,995.30 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants - July 2020) and mortality (56.32 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants - June 2020) higher lethality. However, in the second wave (November 2020 to July 2021), the highest lethality rate was observed (3.47% - February 2021). It was observed that during the first wave, the incidence rate of COVID-19 showed increasing trends. During this period, the mortality rate had a stationary tendency (p>0.05) and the percentage lethality with a decreasing trend (p<0.05). During the second wave, there was a more aggravating scenario for lethality, which changed from a daily reduction rate of 0.90% to stationary trends. Conclusion: the pandemic in the state of Roraima is not yet under control, so it is necessary to strengthen strategies to mitigate the spread of the pandemic in the region and prevent the formation of new waves.
Highlights
Why was this study done? The primary motivation of the study was to monitor the temporal evolution of mortality and lethality of COVID-19 in the state of Roraima from March 2020 to July 2021 and describe the leading risk group
What did the researchers do and find? The primary motivation of the study was to monitor the temporal evolution of mortality and lethality of COVID-19 in the state of Roraima from March 2020 to July 2021 and describe the leading risk group
Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by a beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, identified in Chinese patients with potentially severe pneumonia in 2019
Summary
Coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory infection caused by a beta-coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, identified in Chinese patients with potentially severe pneumonia in 2019 This family of viruses is commonly found in different animals, including primates, bats, cats, and camels[1]. It highlights the importance of access to vaccines, adoption of Public Health measures, and nonpharmacological preventive attitudes, such as the use of masks, hand hygiene, and physical distance, in addition to robust surveillance systems. These actions are necessary for controlling the virus, even with the expansion of vaccine coverage and reducing cases in Brazil and the world[3]
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