Abstract
ABSTRACT A review of three Mesozoic-Cenozoic periods of sedimentation, igneous activity, and structuring in Grand Banks basins is presented. This review is followed by an attempt to deduce the timing and tensional orientations of rifting and seafloor spreading on the margins of the North Atlantic, through recognition of the geological responses to that rift history as defined by Falvey (1974) and others. Three rift periods, defined in this report, affected the Grand Banks. The first was Triassic - Early Jurassic rifting, during a period of NW-SE extension and synchronous sedimentation, followed by the break-up of Africa and North America in the mid-Pliensbachian. The second was Tithonian - early Valanginian rifting, during a period of E-W to ESE-WNW extension and synchronous sedimentation, followed by the break-up of Iberia and the Grand Banks, possibly as early as mid-Valanginian. The third was Aptian-Albian rifting, during a period of NE-SW extension and synchronous sedimentation, followed by the break-up of Europe and North America in the Cenomanian or latest Albian. Each of these tectonic periods was preceded by a period of broad regional warping or arching, and each was followed by a period of thermal subsidence and postrift sedimentation. This tectonic evolution has controlled many factors important to petroleum generation and accumulation, and its definition can assist in petroleum exploration in the Grand Banks area. EVOLUTION DES BASSINS SEDIMENTAIRES DU MESOZOIQUE ET DU CENOZOIQUE SOUS LES GRANDS BANCS DE TERRENEUVE, ET LA COMPARAISON AVEC LE MODELE DE FORMATION DE FOSSES TECTONIQUES (RIFT) DE FALVEY (1974) RESUME Un examen de trois periodes de sedimentation Mesozoique-Cenozoique, de l'activite ignee et de la formation de structures sous les Grands Bancs est presente. Cet examen est suivi d'une tentative de determination de la date et des directions des tensions de la formation de fosses (rifting) et de l'expansion oceanique en bordure de l'Atlantique Nord, a travers la decouverte des reactions geologiques a cette evolution des fosses oceaniques, comme le definissent Falvey (1974) et d'autres chercheurs. Trois periodes de formation de fosses, presentees dans ce rapport, affecterent la region des Grands Banks. La premiere eut lieu durant le Triassique-Jurassique inferieur, durant une extention en direction N.-O. S.-E. et une sedimentation synchrone, suivis par la separation de l'Afrique et de l'Amerique du Nord durant le Pliensbachien moyen. La seconde date du Tithonien-Valanginien inferieur, durant une extension en direction E.-O, a E.-S.-E. O.-N.-O. et une sedimentation synchrone, suivis par la rupture entre l'Ibenie et les Grands Bancs, peut-etre aussi tot que le Valanginien moyen. La troisieme se produisit durant l'Aptien-Albien, representant un temps d'extension en direction N.-E. S.-O. et de sedimentation synchrone, suivis par la separation entre l'Europe et l'Amerique du Nord durant le Cenomanien ou l'Albien le plus tartif. Chacun de ces episodes tectoniques fut precede par une periode de grand soulevement a l'echelle regionale, puis suivi par un episode de subsidence thermique et de sedimentation post-fosse tectonique. Cette evolution tectonique exerca un controle sur plusieurs facteurs importants a la production et a l'accumulation du petrole, et sa definition peut aider a l'exploration petroliere dans la region des Grands Bancs. Traduit par Marc Charest
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