Abstract
Chagas disease, whose aetiological agent is the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, mainly occurs in Latin America. In order to know the epidemiology and the geographical distribution of this disease in Mexico, the present work analyses the national surveillance data (10 years) for Chagas disease issued by the General Directorate of Epidemiology (GDE). An ecological analysis of Chagas disease (2007-2016) was performed in the annual reports issued by the GDE in Mexico. The cases and incidence were classified by year, state, age group, gender and seasons. A national distribution map showing Chagas disease incidence was generated. An increase of new cases was identified throughout the country (rates from 0.37 to 0.81 per 100 000 inhabitants). Of the total cases accumulated (7388), the major cases were attributed to the states of Veracruz, Chiapas, Quintana Roo, Oaxaca, Morelos and Yucatán. The analysis per age groups and gender revealed that, in most age groups, the incidence was higher in the male population. The most number of cases was identified in spring and summer; a direct relationship between the environmental temperature increase and the number of new cases was identified. The analysis showed that the rate of Chagas disease increased presumably due to state programmes; the search for new cases has expanded and we speculate that the disease is associated with occupational activities. These results summarise and recall how important it is to implement the monitoring of Chagas disease mainly in south states of the Mexican Republic in order to implement strategies to control this disease.
Highlights
Chagas disease, whose aetiological agent is the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, mainly occurs in Latin America; it is transmitted by bug bites of the genus Triatoma, Rhodnius and Panstrongylus [1]
According to the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance, Chagas disease is not classified in the 20 causes of death in the country; it is a disease where the incidence is mainly located in the most vulnerable states, and it requires attention for its epidemiological surveillance
According to the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance, Chagas disease is not classified in the 20 causes of death in the country; it is a disease where the incidence is mainly located in the most vulnerable states of the country, and it requires attention for its epidemiological surveillance
Summary
Chagas disease, whose aetiological agent is the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, mainly occurs in Latin America; it is transmitted by bug bites of the genus Triatoma, Rhodnius and Panstrongylus [1]. The disease is one of the most important emerging health problems in Europe and in the United States of America (USA) [3]. In this context, vector-borne diseases are one of the main causes of public-health problems in Mexico. According to the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance, Chagas disease is not classified in the 20 causes of death in the country; it is a disease where the incidence is mainly located in the most vulnerable states, and it requires attention for its epidemiological surveillance. According to the National System of Epidemiological Surveillance, the identification of new cases or deaths associated with Chagas disease is subject to mandatory notification in accordance with the Official Mexican Standard for epidemiological surveillance (NOM-017-SSA2-2012) [7]. The primary laboratory diagnosis of the acute and chronic phase is performed through the demonstration of trypomastigotes in peripheral
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