Evolution of endodontic treatment at 12-month follow-up in patients with diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background: Although periodontal disease is the most frequent reason for extraction in endodontically treated teeth, few studies have evaluated patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). In this study, we compared the success of endodontic treatment and the evolution of periapical lesion (PL) in patients with and without T2D. Materials and Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort including 58 patients who received endodontic treatment (31 with and 27 without T2D) 12 months before. Success of endodontic treatment, evolution of PL, and type of restoration were evaluated. Results: Treatment success was found in 16 (64%) and 23 (85%) patients with and without T2D, respectively (P = 0.07). Patients with diabetes had an increased failure to endodontic treatment risk (relative risk 1.68 [95% confidence interval 1.001–2.845]). The PL reduced or disappeared in 20 (74%) patients without and in 12 (48%) with T2D (P = 0.02). In patients with T2D, HbA1c levels were lower in those with successful treatment than in those with failure in treatment (6.23 ± 0.37 vs. 6.88 ± 0.34, P ≤ 0.001), respectively. Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus has a negative impact on the evolution of endodontic treatment and PL after 12-month follow-up, and it is related to metabolic control.