Abstract
The reliability and efficiency of power grids directly contribute to the economic well-being and quality of life of citizens in any country. This reliability depends, among other things, on the power lines that are exposed to different kinds of factors such as lightning, pollution, ice storm, wind, etc. In particular, ice and snow are serious threats in various areas of the world. Under certain conditions, outdoor equipment and hardware may experience various problems: cracking, fatigue, wear, flashover, etc. In actual fact, a variety of countermeasures has been proposed over the past decades and a certain number have been applied by utilities in various countries. This contribution presents the status and current trends of different techniques against atmospheric icing of power lines. A snapshot look at some significant development on this topic over the last four decades is addressed. Engineering problems in utilizing these techniques, their applications, and perspectives are also foreseen. The latest up-to-date review papers on the applications and challenges in terms of PhD thesis, journal articles, conference proceedings, technical reports, and web materials are reported.
Highlights
Introduction and Andrea MariscottiTo reach the consumption areas, electricity often travels large distances through power transmission lines due to the remote location of most power plants, crossing different climatic environments
Various anti-icing and de-icing methods have been developed in different countries and important research efforts have been deployed for several decades [9]
The main method for de-icing of power lines consists of the use of helicopters that strike the lines with a pole attached to an insulated rope
Summary
To reach the consumption areas, electricity often travels large distances through power transmission lines due to the remote location of most power plants, crossing different climatic environments. These transmission lines are often exposed to various stresses influencing their operation, causing in some cases different outages. It may be noted that it is not the intention of this article to provide detailed information on each individual anti-icing and de-icing method. Some general information on the distinction of anti-icing and de-icing methods as well as on the general impacts of snow and ice on power lines are included
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