Abstract
Rod-shaped Cu1Fe9Ox precursor was successfully prepared through an aqueous precipitation method. The shape and phase composition were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that Cu1Fe9Ox is composed of CuFe2O4 and Fe2O3. The reduction performance of Cu1Fe9Ox was studied by in situ XRD and H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR). Cu/Fe3O4 nanorod catalyst is obtained through the controllable reduction of Cu1Fe9Ox nanorod, and the formed Cu/Fe3O4 nanorod catalyst does not have low-temperature water gas shift (WGS) activity, but exhibits high-temperature WGS reaction activity. Ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (AP-XPS) studies showed that the main species of copper is Cu+ during the WGS reaction. The interaction between Cu and Fe3O4 rod and phase evolution of Cu species are quite different from Cu/Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
Highlights
Hydrogen is the most promising clean fuel to satisfy energy needs in the future [1]
Iron-based catalysts can promote the water gas shift reaction at moderately high temperatures (350–450 ◦ C), which are always regarded as high-temperature water shift catalysts (HT-WGS)
Phase composition and shape of freshly synthesized samples were characterized by XRDdiffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM)
Summary
Hydrogen is the most promising clean fuel to satisfy energy needs in the future [1]. At present, nearly 95% of the hydrogen supply is produced from reforming crude oil, coal, natural gas, wood, organic wastes, and biomass [2,3]. The water gas shift (WGS) reaction (CO + H2 O → CO2 + H2 ) is essential for hydrogen generation from fuel gas upgrading processes [4]. Metal and metal oxide catalysts, such as copper, mostly Cu/ZnO/Al2 O3 , are typically used for low-temperature water gas shift (LT-WGS) reactions (180–250 ◦ C). Studied the CuO (5 wt.%) effects on Fe–Cr catalysts, and found that the Cu-containing sample showed the best activity at 380 ◦ C. Cu/Fe3 O4 catalysts gain great attention because Cu and Fe3 O4 are active phases in LT- and HT-WGS reactions, respectively. The precursors of copper are very important for the stability and activity. Kameoka et al [13] proposed that spinel CuFe2O4 was an effective precursor for a high-performance copper catalyst, which showedthat high thermal stability and activity
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