Abstract
We investigated—both experimentally and numerically—the operation of a weakly birefringent cavity fiber laser under different net cavity dispersion values. Experimentally, we found that under coherent cross-polarization coupling, either in-phase or anti-phase low frequency intensity modulations between the two orthogonal polarization components of the laser emission could be obtained. The evolution of the periodic intensity modulations in the fiber laser under different operation conditions was studied. In this paper, we show that under suitable conditions, they can be shaped into a train of bright-bright, dark-dark, or dark-bright vector solitons.
Highlights
When two or more optical fields co-propagate in an optical fiber, they will couple with each other through the fiber nonlinearity
Could even occur in a normal dispersion fiber [7], despite the fact that conventional modulation instability (MI) could only occur in an anomalous dispersion fiber [8]
In 1988, Wabnitz theoretically predicted a kind of polarization modulation instability (PMI) [14]
Summary
When two or more optical fields co-propagate in an optical fiber, they will couple with each other through the fiber nonlinearity. MI caused by cross-phase modulation has been observed in fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers [9,10,11,12,13] It is well-known that, due to the existence of fiber birefringence, an SMF intrinsically supports two orthogonal polarization modes. In 1988, Wabnitz theoretically predicted a kind of polarization modulation instability (PMI) [14] He showed that, due to the coherent cross-phase modulation between two circularly polarized modes in a weakly birefringent SMF, MI could occur in both the normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. In quasi-isotropic cavity fiber lasers, different types of vector solitons, such as solitons, such as bright-bright [22], dark-dark [23], and dark-bright vector solitons [24], were bright-bright [22], dark-dark [23], and dark-bright vector solitons [24], were experimentally experimentally observed.
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