Abstract
The Kondo effect offers an important paradigm to understand strongly correlated many-body physics. Although under intensive study, some of the important properties of the Kondo effect, in systems where both itinerant coupling and localized coupling play significant roles, are still elusive. Here we report the evolution and universality of the two-stage Kondo effect, the simplest form where both couplings are important using single molecule transistor devices incorporating Manganese phthalocyanine molecules. The Kondo temperature T* of the two-stage Kondo effect evolves linearly against effective interaction of involved two spins. Observed Kondo resonance shows universal quadratic dependence with all adjustable parameters: temperature, magnetic field and biased voltages. The difference in nonequilibrium conductance of two-stage Kondo effect to spin 1/2 Kondo effect is also identified. Messages learned in this study fill in directive experimental evidence of the evolution of two-stage Kondo resonance near a quantum phase transition point, and help in understanding sophisticated molecular electron spectroscopy in a strong correlation regime.
Highlights
The Kondo effect offers an important paradigm to understand strongly correlated many-body physics
Interaction of particles in two levels competes with the interaction between these localized particles with itinerant ones, leading to nonmonotonic temperature dependence, governed by two Kondo temperatures, Tk and T*
The general picture of the two-stage Kondo effect is well-studied, the experimental examination of how Kondo temperatures are related to inner-level interaction is missing, which is essential for understanding the exotic Kondo effect
Summary
The Kondo effect offers an important paradigm to understand strongly correlated many-body physics. Singlet two-stage Kondo effect is predicted to be a singlechannel process near a Kosterlitz–Thouless (KT) type quantum phase transition point and has been confirmed in single C60 molecule devices[13,23,29].
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