Evolución de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular entre 2004 y 2009 en la cohorte del estudio del Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiovascular en Castilla y León (RECCyL)

Abstract

IntroductionCardiovascular risk factors change with age, as well as with the prevention and control measures. The aim of this study is to describe the trend in hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, obesity, and smoking in a population cohort from Castilla y León. Material and methodsIn 2004 the RECCyL study began by recordingmedical history, a physical examination, and blood tests in a sample of the population ≥ 15 years old living in the Community of Castilla y León. In 2009 a new health examination was performed on the survivor sample. The cumulative 5-year incidence was calculated for each cardiovascular risk factor in the population that was free of that factor in 2004. ResultsFrom the original sample of 4013 people, 2954 were studied in 2009. Incidence of hypertension in the period was 17.9%, diabetes 3.9%, hypercholesterolemia 15.6%, obesity 9.1%, and smokers (new and relapse) 6.8%. New diagnoses of hypertension, diabetes and smoking were more common in younger ages. The incidence was higher in men for hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and hypercholesterolemia (except in the cohort of ≥75 years). In the case of obesity, the total incidence is higher for women, except in younger age cohorts. ConclusionsThe prevalences of the cardiovascular risk factors (except smoking) have increased since 2004, with variable intensity depending on sex and age. To know the incidence and characteristics of newly diagnosed people, mainly the distribution of age at onset, is very useful to establish prevention and control activities of the principal cardiovascular risk factors.