Evoked Alterations In Some Biochemical Parameters And Protein Electrophoretic Pattern Of Some Tissues Of Broiler Chicken Treated With Coumarin

Abstract

Coumarin compounds are used as dormant substances in agriculture. Physiologically, they are highly active, for example, act as inhibitor of growth of microorganisms. Moreover, coumarin is a maturally occuring substance most frequently used as a fragrance enhancer (in cosmetics, perfumes and soap) and stabilizer. In this study, chemical analysis of chicken tissues (brain, liver and kidney) as lipid constituents, cholesterol, liver, glycogen, glutathione, lipid per oxidase and protein electrophoresis (fractions) were tested after intermuscular (i.m.) injection with doses of 100mg/kg.b.wt. and 200mg/kg.b.wt. of coumarin for 10 days (every other day). The present study revealed that coumarin at a dose of 100mg/kg.b.wt. induced insignificant changes in the total lipid (T.L) of brain, liver and kidney tissues of broiler chicken. Otherwise, the high dose of coumarin (200 mg/ kg.b.wt.) caused a significant decrease in the T.L. of brain (P < 0.01) tissues, while insignificant change of kidney T.L. was recorded at a dose of 200 mg/kg.b.wt.. of coumarin. Also, insignificant changes of triglycerides (T.G.) and cholesterol (Chol.) content of brain, liver and kidney tissues of chicken group (G2) treated with coumarin (100mg/kg) were demonstrated. While, high dose (200 mg/kg coumarin) resulted in a significant decrease in the T.G. and Chol. of brain (P < 0.001 & P < 0.01 respectively) and liver (P < 0.001 & P < 0.001), the same dose showed insignificant changes of kidney T.G. an Chol. contents. Administration of coumarin (100mg/kg. G2) showed insignificant changes in glutathione content (GSH) of liver and kidney tissues, while significant decrease (P < 0.01) of brain GSH content was recorded compared with the control group. Besides, a dose of 100mg/kg.coumarin caused insignificant changes in lipid peroxides (TABrs) of brain and kidney tissues of chicken and significant increase (P < 0.001) of (TABrs) content of liver tissue. High dose of coumarin (200mg./kg. G3) showed significant increase of TABrs content of brain, liver, and kidney tissues (P < 0.01, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively) of broiler chicken compared with the control group. Both doses of administered coumarin (G2 & G3) caused significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the liver glycogen content. The present data revealed that coumarin caused qualitative and quantitative changes in tissues (brain, liver and kidney) protein fractionation pattern of chicken compared with that of controls. Sixteen bands were separated using polycrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) – as protein fractions in both the control and coumarin treated groups. The changes (decrease or increase) in particular protein fractions may be related to the effect of xenobiotic (coumarin) on the specific genes encoding for these fractions. Thus, this work revealed that inspite of the benefit of coumarin substance, the xenobiotic effect and signs of intoxications were attained spacially at high doses of treatment.