Abstract
Passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a tropical and subtropical plant that is widely cultivated in China due to its high nutritional value, unique flavor and medicinal properties. In August 2020, typical anthracnose symptoms with light brown and water-soaked lesions on Passiflora edulis Sims were observed, which result in severe economic losses. The incidence of this disease was approximately 30%. The pathogens from the infected fruit were isolated and purified by the method of tissue isolation. Morphological observations showed that the colony of isolate BXG-2 was gray to celadon and grew in concentric circles. The orange conidia appeared in the center after 14 days of incubation. The pathogenicity was verified by Koch’s postulates. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS), chitin synthase (CHS-1), actin (ACT), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were amplified by relevant PCR programs. The multi-gene (ITS, GAPDH, ACT, CHS-1) phylogeny analysis confirmed that isolate BXG-2 belongs to Colletotrichum fructicola. The inhibitory effect of six synthetic fungicides on the mycelial growth of the pathogen was investigated, among which difenoconazole 10% WG showed the best inhibitory effect against C. fructicola with an EC50 value of 0.5579 mg·L−1. This is the first report of anthracnose on Passiflora edulis Sims caused by Colletotrichum fructicola in China.
Highlights
Passion fruit, which belongs to the Passifloraceae family, is a tropical and subtropical plant that contains more than 500 species worldwide [1,2]
Passion fruit is recognized owing to its considerable nutritional value, unique flavor and medicinal properties [7]
Further multi-locus phylogenetic analyses showed that BXG-2 clustered with Colletotrichum fructicola
Summary
Passion fruit, which belongs to the Passifloraceae family, is a tropical and subtropical plant that contains more than 500 species worldwide [1,2]. Flavicarpa) and purple (Passiflora edulis Sims) passion fruit are the main cultivated varieties [6]. The pericarp can be used in the production of dietary fiber, pectin, and other bioactive compounds [9] He et al found more than 110 phytochemical constituents from different parts of Passiflora edulis, among which flavonoids and triterpenoids held the highest levels [10]. Anthracnose is one of the main pathogenic species causing yield loss and the decline of economic values during production, long-distance transport, and cold storage [13]. Studies have shown that the genus Colletotrichum is primarily described as causing anthracnose diseases of leaves, stems, flowers, and fruit, as well as crown and stem rots and seedling blight [14].
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