Evidence of Plasma Biomarkers Indicating High Risk of Dementia in Cognitively Normal Subjects with a History of Stroke, a Family History of Alzheimer’s Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, End‐stage Renal Disease and Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundSubjects with comorbidities are at risk for neurodegeneration. There is a lack of a direct relationship between comorbidities and neurodegeneration.MethodIn this study, immunomagnetic reduction (IMR) assays were utilized to assay plasma Aβ1‐42 and total tau protein (T‐Tau) levels in poststroke (PS, n = 27), family history of Alzheimer’s disease (ADFH, n = 35), diabetes (n = 21), end‐stage renal disease (ESRD, n = 41), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA, n = 20), Alzheimer’s disease (AD, n = 65). Thirty‐seven healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled.ResultThe measured concentrations of plasma Aβ1‐42 were 14.26±1.42, 15.43±1.76, 15.52±1.60, 19.74±2.92, 16.52±0.59, 15.97±0.54 and 20.06±3.09 pg/ml in HC, PS, ADFH, diabetes, ESRD, OSA and AD groups, respectively. The corresponding concentrations of plasma T‐Tau were 15.13±3.62, 19.29±8.01, 17.93±6.26, 19.74±2.92, 21.54±2.72, 20.17±2.77 and 41.24±14.64 pg/ml. The plasma levels of Aβ1‐42 and T‐Tau in the PS, ADFH, diabetes, ESRD and OSA groups were relatively high compared to HC group but were lower than AD group.ConclusionThis evidence indicates the high risk for dementia in these groups from the perspective of plasma biomarkers.