Abstract
Abstract The seminiferous propagation of Sour Passion Fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is the main kind of multiplication due to the ease formation of seedlings. However, the reduced number of productive and homogeneous cultivars reflects the need for genetic breeding. The objective of this study was to assess the maternal and reciprocal effects in vigor and germination of Sour Passion Fruit seeds. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in the factorial scheme, with two structure (hybrid and reciprocal) and ten crosses with four replicates (50 seeds) in trays containing inert sand in germination chamber. Before sowing, it was obtained the weight of 100 seeds, and at 28 days germination percentage, emergence speed index, total seedlings length, shoot length and main root length, number of normal seedlings and dry mass per seedlings were evaluated. The reciprocal effects tell us which genotype is most promising when used as the female or male parent for the trait studied. It can be inferred that there is maternal effect influencing the weight of 100 seeds, emergence, emergence speed index and the number of normal seedlings. There was influence of the parent on the expression of traits in seeds of Sour Passion Fruit. It is important to define the paternal and maternal parent to obtain seeds with high germination potential.
Highlights
Passifloraceae family has an expressive number of species, which the most cultivated is Passiflora edulis Sims, popularly known as Sour Passion Fruit (SPF) (BERNACCI et al, 2008)
Controlled hybridizations were performed among genotypes of Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV) Sour Passion Fruit Breeding Program, commercial varieties from Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa) and Viveiro Flora Brasil (FB)
20 crosses were developed producing 10 hybrid and 10 reciprocal progenies in order to evaluate traits related to germination and vigor of seeds and seedlings of SPF
Summary
Passifloraceae family has an expressive number of species, which the most cultivated is Passiflora edulis Sims, popularly known as Sour Passion Fruit (SPF) (BERNACCI et al, 2008). P. cincinnata Mast., Gioppato et al (2018) report that Sour Passion Fruit is the most cultivated specie in the commercial orchards due to consumer’s appreciation of their fruits and the encouragement of agribusiness. Sour Passion Fruit crop stands out in the national scenario of fruit production because it offers a rapid return on capital and the opportunity of a more distributed income throughout the year (ARAÚJO NETO et al, 2009; MELETTI, 2011). Sour Passion Fruit has seeds as a major mean of propagation (SILVA et al, 2015). This method presents a great lack of uniformity in germination and seedlings formation making the process expensive and time-consuming (SOUTO et al, 2017a). Commercial crops are mostly composed of varieties that presents genetic variability (ROSADO et al, 2019), because the specie is allogamous and autoincompatible (SUASSUNA et al, 2003),) which causes heterogeneity of the plants
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