Evidence of High Energy Storage Density and Break Down Voltage in the Eco-Friendly Eu-Substituted K0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Dielectric Ceramics

Abstract

The significance of the energy storage and transfer device in the modern and upcoming era is undeniable. To tackle the energy scarcity in the coming era, the research and development on the various renewable energy sources and the storage materials are extensively propelled. The device with good energy storage density is required for the perfect utilization of the electricity which is produced by renewable energy sources. The ferroelectric material can be an effective choice as an energy storage material, because of its high dielectric constant, high break down voltage, and more thermal & mechanical stability. Usually, it is observed that the lead based anti-ferroelectric materials have the better energy storage density than the lead free normal ferroelectric material. The global requirement and the banning of lead based material thrust the exploration of the lead free materials with higher energy storage density. Several lead-based and lead-free A and/or B–site substituted perovskite type (ABO3 type structure) ferroelectric materials are developed to gain high energy storage density. As far as the environment is concerned, in this work the energy storage property is investigated on the optimized eco-friendly 4 mol % Eu3+ substituted K0.5Bi0.5TiO3. At the room temperature the obtained recoverable energy storage density is 0.84J/cm3 which is comparable to some the lead based solid solutions. The room temperature polarization vs. electric field curve of this compound is shown in figure 1. Figure 1 . Room temperature polarization vs. electric filed curve of 4 mol % Eu3+ substituted K0.5Bi0.5TiO3. The discharge path of the hysteresis loop is shown in red color. The recoverable energy storage density is calculated from area under the discharge curve of the hysteresis loop (shown in red color) and the polarization axis in the first quadrant. From the figure, it can be observed that this material shows a high break down strength of 131kV/cm, which enhances the applicability of the material in the presence of high electric field. Apart from the ferroelectric study, the temperature dependent dielectric study of the material has been carried out. The recoverable energy storage density and high break down strength of this lead free material shows its suitability for fabricating energy storage material. Figure 1