Evidence of ferromagnetism in boron doped graphene oxide synthesized by hydrothermal method

Abstract

[Enhancing graphene's ferromagnetic properties is important for a variety of applications, including spintronics, magnetic memory, and other electromagnetic devices. A modified version of Hummer's approach was used to synthesize reduced graphene oxide. Boron-doped graphene oxide with different dopant concentrations (1,3,5 and 7 wt%) has been synthesised using the hydrothermal method. Powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy are used to characterize the structure. The results of the XRD analysis show that reduced graphene oxide and boron-doped graphene oxide have been formed. The existence of boron atoms at the carbon lattice has been confirmed by observation of the FTIR and Raman spectra. The presence of dopant concentrations was calculated using X-ray photo electron spectroscopy. To further analyze the magnetic characteristics of doped samples, vibrating sample magnetometer investigations are used. The samples shows significant ferromagnetism at room temperature. It has been found that the saturation magnetization(Ms) increases with an increase in boron content. For the sample with the highest boron content, the saturation magnetization(Ms) reaches 0.03 emu/g at room temperature and the coercive force(Hc) reaches 73.9 Oe. Due to the improvement in the ferromagnetic property of boron doped graphene, these materials can be used for nonmagnetic applications and other electromagnetic devices.]