Evidence of additional phase transitions at lower temperatures in the flux grown Pb (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3) 0.91 Ti 0.09 O 3 single crystal

Abstract

Evidence of phase transitions in low temperature ferroelectric region of Pb (Zn 1/3 Nb 2/3) 0.91 Ti 0.09 O 3 single crystals has been found in the dielectric and ac conductivity measurements in the temperature range (− 150 to 200 °C) at − 10, − 49 and − 132 °C. The total activation energies E t (in eV) below and above these temperatures are found to be 0.332 and 0.326, 0.326 and 0.354 and 0.292 and 0.354, respectively. The variation of activation energy and conduction behavior has been studied in the vicinity of transition temperatures in the ac conductivity measurements. On the basis of these findings a modified phase diagram has been proposed.