Evidence for the Existence of an Effective Interfacial Tension between Miscible Fluids. 2. Dodecyl Acrylate−Poly(dodecyl acrylate) in a Spinning Drop Tensiometer

Abstract

We studied drops of dodecyl acrylate in poly(dodecyl acrylate) (molecular weight of 25,000) in a spinning drop tensiometer to determine whether an effective interfacial tension (EIT) existed between these two miscible fluids. We found convincing evidence. We estimated the mechanical relaxation time from an immiscible analogue (1-propanol and poly(dodecyl acrylate)) and showed that the dodecyl acrylate drops maintained quasi-steady diameters long after this relaxation period. Drops continuously grew in length and became more diffuse, but the width of the transition zone did not grow with t(1/2) as expected from Fick's law although this system had been shown to follow Fick's law in a static configuration (Antrim, D.; Bunton, P.; Lewis, L. L.; Zoltowski, B. D.; Pojman, J. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 11842-11849). The EIT was determined from Vonnegut's equation, EIT = (Deltarho)omega(2)r(3)/4; both the inner and outer diameters were measured, yielding values of 0.002 and 0.02 mN m(-1), respectively. The EIT was found to be independent of the rotation rate above 6000 rpm and independent of the initial drop volume. The EIT was found to decrease with temperature and increase with the difference in concentration between the monomer drop and polymer-monomer fluid. The square gradient parameter, k, was determined from EIT = k(Deltac(2)/delta), where Deltac is the difference in mole fraction and delta is the width of the transition zone. The square gradient parameter was on the order of 10(-9) N. The square gradient parameter was found to decrease with temperature, to be independent of concentration, and to increase with the molecular weight of the polymer.