Evidence for temporal relationship between the late Mesozoic multistage Qianlishan granite complex and the Shizhuyuan W\u2013Sn\u2013Mo\u2013Bi deposit, SE China

Yuzhong Liao,Feng Liu,Mingqian Wu,Tonglin Li,Dehui Zhang,Bo Zhao,Leonid V Danyushevsky

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-84902-6

Abstract

The world-class Shizhuyuan W–Sn–Mo–Bi deposit is spatially related to the Qianlishan granite complex (QGC) in Hunan Province, China. However, the age and classification of the QGC are still debated, and a better understanding of the temporal genetic relationship between the QGC and the Shizhuyuan deposit is essential. Here, we present chemical compositions the intrusive phases of the QGC and the results of detailed zircon U–Pb dating and muscovite Ar–Ar dating of a mineralized greisen vein. Our new zircon laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry U–Pb age data constrain the emplacement of the QGC to 155–151.7 Ma. According to petrological, geochemical and geochronological data and the inferred redox conditions, the QGC can be classified into four phases: P1, porphyritic biotite granites; P2, porphyritic biotite granites; P3, equigranular biotite granite; and P4, granite porphyry dikes. All phases, and especially P1-P3, have elevated concentrations of ore-forming metals and heat-producing elements (U, Th, K; volume heat-producing rate of 5.89–14.03 μWm−3), supplying the metal and heat for the metalogic process of the Shizhuyuan deposit. The Ar–Ar muscovite age (154.0 ± 1.6 Ma) of the mineralized greisen vein in the Shizhuyuan deposit is consistent with the emplacement time of the QGC, suggesting their temporal genetic relationship.

Highlights

Magmatic fractionation and exsolution of a fluid phase from a cooling pluton plays an important role in metal enrichment for intrusion-related d eposits[1,2,3]
A time interval between plutons and the associated mineralization of > 10 Ma is interpreted to indicate that they have no genetic ties
Precise Ar–Ar dating of muscovite from the mineralized greisen vein allows for place constraints on the timing of the Shizhuyuan W–Sn–Mo–Bi deposit

Summary

Introduction

Magmatic fractionation and exsolution of a fluid phase from a cooling pluton plays an important role in metal enrichment for intrusion-related d eposits[1,2,3]. The ore field is surrounded by Sinian metasedimentary rocks, Devonian carbonate and clastic sedimentary rocks, the QGC and Quaternary sediments[35] (Fig. 2). The Qiziqiao Formation (D2q, > 520 m in thickness) occurs in the middle and southern parts of the ore field. The Shetianqiao Formation ( D3s, > 296 m in thickness), is present in the Shizhuyuan, Dongpo and Chaishan areas The Quaternary sediments are ~ 10 m thick, comprising slope wash They are present only along the rivers in the northern part of the Shizhuyuan ore field

Results

Discussion

Conclusion