Abstract
We report on the definite role of surface defects in carbon nanotubes in the efficient photoluminescence (PL) quenching of fluorescein by single-walled (SWCNTs) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Steady-state PL measurements show that SWCNTs are much more efficient quenchers than MWCNTs. The Stern–Volmer plot is found to follow a faster than exponential growth behavior for SWCNTs. Time resolved PL studies confirm a negligible contribution of dynamic quenching to the observed effect. Vacuum annealed SWCNTs containing fewer defects show very low quenching efficiency, though it exhibited high surface adsorption. A contribution of surface defects was further confirmed from study of quenching effects from a different set of SWCNT with high structural perfection, evidenced from Raman and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanism of large quenching in SWCNTs is elucidated through systematic studies of absorption and emission spectroscopy.
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