Abstract
The study aimed to assess the growth and decrease in vegetation trend by Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI2) through the application of statistical tests and Markov’s chain in the state of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ). Monthly data from EVI2 were calculated for the vegetations of the State of Rio de Janeiro (SRJ) from 2001 to 2012. Mann-Kendall (MK), Pettitt (P) and Estimator of Curvature Slope Sen (Se) tests assessed EVI2 trend, while the future scenarios were evaluated by Markov chain. Overall, there is an insignificant trend in vegetation growth in 75%, followed by a significant trend of decreasing in 25% of the regions. Pettitt’s test showed that there is not significant (NS) abrupt changes, both growth and decreasing vegetation, and significant (S) abrupt changes of decreasing vegetation in the others Government regions. Spatial analysis from EVI2 in the regions Medio Paraiba amd Serrana showed the occurrence of NS abrupt change in the vegetation in November 2007 and 2003. Norte Fluminense and Metropolitana showed a NS vegetation increase in October 2003 and 2005. Noroeste Fluminense and Centro Sul Fluminense revealed an NS and S abrupt change of decreasing vegetation in April 2006. In Costa Verde and Baixadas Litorâneas NS and S abrupt changes in decreasing vegetation were observed in May 2004. Future scenarios showed changes in vegetation trend in SRJ with indication of decreasing. Predictions of changes in future scenarios ranging from 1 to 2 years in constant intervals (3 to 10 years) were observed in all future scenarios analyzed in the SRJ.
Highlights
Several government measures have been adopted in controlling vegetation, such as the establishment of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) and Conservation Units (CU) and, monitoring of hot spots via satellite (CAÚLA et al, 2015)
Insignificant records of vegetation growth trends (Z > 0 and p-value > 0.05) based on EVI2 values were identified in the regions Médio Paraíba (0.0057), Serrana (0.0475), Norte Fluminense (0.0291) and Metropolitana (0.0311) with Se from 0.00002 to 0.00014 per year (Table 1)
Mann-Kendall test aplied to EVI2 index detected changes in vegetation in the state of Rio de Janeiro
Summary
Several government measures have been adopted in controlling vegetation, such as the establishment of Permanent Preservation Areas (PPA) and Conservation Units (CU) and, monitoring of hot spots via satellite (CAÚLA et al, 2015). Studies on the land cover dynamics in fragmented landscapes requires application of practical and specific methods, such as vegetation survey via geoprocessing and historical surveys (RODRIGUES, 1997). In this context, the Remote Sensing (RS) has contributed significantly to the improvement and quality of information, especially the design of areas occupied by vegetation cover, whether natural or established by human activities (GOULART et al, 2015)
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