Abstract
Heavy flavor measurements in high multiplicity proton-proton and proton-nucleus collisions at collider energies enable unique insights into their production and hadronization mechanism because experimental and theoretical uncertainties cancel in ratios of their cross-sections relative to minimum bias events. We explore such event engineering using the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) effective field theory to compute short distance charmonium cross-sections. The CGC is combined with heavy-quark fragmentation functions to compute $D$-meson cross-sections; for the $J/\psi$, hadronization is described employing Nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) and an Improved Color Evaporation model. Excellent agreement is found between the CGC computations and the LHC heavy flavor data in high multiplicity events. Event engineering in this CGC+NRQCD framework reveals a very rapid growth in the fragmentation of the $^3S_1^{[8]}$ state in rare events relative to minimum bias events.
Highlights
The study of high multiplicity events in proton-proton (p þ p) and proton-nucleus (p þ A) collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has focused attention on the spatial and momentum structure of rare parton configurations in the colliding projectiles obtained by variations in the multiplicity, energy and system size
We will compare the nonrelativistic QCD (NRQCD) results employing the above expressions with the J=ψ cross section computed in the improved color evaporation model (ICEM) [57]
We outlined the potential of event engineered heavy flavor measurements to uncover the dynamics of rare parton configurations at collider energies
Summary
The study of high multiplicity events in proton-proton (p þ p) and proton-nucleus (p þ A) collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) has focused attention on the spatial and momentum structure of rare parton configurations in the colliding projectiles obtained by variations in the multiplicity, energy and system size. We will show that the systematics of heavy flavor production in rare events in p þ p and p þ A collisions are sensitive to strongly correlated gluons in the colliding protons and nuclei The dynamics of such configurations is controlled by an emergent semihard saturation scale QsðxÞ in each of the colliding hadrons, where x is the longitudinal momentum fraction carried by a parton in the hadron [9,10].
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