Abstract
The development of the mining industry is necessary for the national GDP growth. The gold mining operation provides great support to local people in the construction of roads, hospitals and schools. However the damage caused due to the illegal gold mining in Ivory Coast has become increasingly worrying. Thousands of miners unlawfully exploit gold in many parts of the national territory. The local people, especially the children see artisanal gold mining as a faster way to get out of the growing poverty. According to the investigation with local people, MDA, mining companies, the rebellion in 2002 and the post-election crisis in 2010 were a key issue. As result of the political unrest many children have left school to move into the mining activities. This paper focuses on some existing problems relating to the minors in artisanal gold mine as well as how the illegal gold mining activities should increasingly concern the state’s authorities who have to display their determination to stop this recurring phenomenon. In this paper, some suggestions will be proposed and we also support some initiatives and actions of the current government in order to reduce the rate of children or if possible to withdraw all the children from mining sites. The World Bank, financial institutions, NGOs are appealing too to play a major support role to eradicate child labor and to protect children in Ivory Coast and over the world.
Highlights
Ivory Coast located in the western part of Africa has discovered the largest gold deposit with reserves estimated at 200 tons
This paper focuses on some existing problems relating to the minors in artisanal gold mine as well as how the illegal gold mining activities should increasingly concern the state’s authorities who have to display their determination to stop this recurring phenomenon
The government struggles to find funds to build many schools since the borrowed funds from the World Bank, International Monetary Fund (IMF) are destined to address other issues such as security and health so the part destined to education remains insignificant., according to UNESCO statistics published on September 9, 2013, the illiteracy rate in Ivory Coast is around 51% (Figure 3) which remains a serious obstacle to sustainable human development and the education in the country (AIP, 2013)
Summary
Ivory Coast located in the western part of Africa has discovered the largest gold deposit with reserves estimated at 200 tons. According to AGEPE on Thursday 26, 2014, the exact number of children involved in child labor in Ivory Coast is estimated to 1,994,593 According to the UNICEF statistics in 2011, at least 150 million children had been found in child labor All those children from developing countries are aged between 5 to 14 years old (McAdam, M., 2013; Dillon et al, 2012). Two years after the rebellion the World Statistic has reported in 2004 that 35% of children aged 5 to 14 in Ivory Coast were in child labor. 1375 installations and 446 craft machines had been destroyed and 22 gauge shotguns seized 12 by the national police from 2013 to 2015 This present paper is trying to examine the growing influx of children in Artisanal mining activities in Ivory Coast. Some of the major reasons of child labor (children in cocoa forms, mining activities...) in recent years include the high rate of population and orphans, unemployment, poverty and inadequate infrastructures
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