Abstract
AbstractThe dislocation nature of defects leading to local evaporation of the {0001} face of zinc single crystals is proved. Two kinds of pits appear on the emergence points of dislocations, upon heating the crystals in vacuum, that is, hexagonal ones on screw dislocations and conical ones on edge dislocations (and probably on impurities). Hexagonal pits appeared at the growth points of whiskers upon evaporation. This is in excellent agreement with the assumption that whiskers grow by a screw dislocation mechanism.Deepening and broadening of the pits were studied by interferometry. It was found that the change in profile with time can be described by the equations of Frank's kinematic theory. The same theory was used to calculate the step flux along the basal face of zinc single crystals upon evaporation at 250, 270, and 290°C. The rate of advance of unit steps was determined from the flux and compared with the theoretically expected one. The temperature dependence of this rate made it possible to estimate the vibrational frequency of the atoms in the crystal lattice as well as the evaporation heat of zinc. The reasonable values obtained demonstrate the correctness of the interpretation of the experimental data.
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