Abstract
Intense laser induced plasma dynamics in sub-micron scale helium droplets are monitored by femtosecond time-resolved X-ray coherent diffractive imaging. Anisotropic surface softening and strongly anisotropic shrinking of the plasma core are observed.
Highlights
NIR laser field from the onset of anisotropic surface softening to the strongly anisotropic droplet disintegration
The dynamics are monitored by recording single-particle X-ray diffraction patterns, each generated by the interaction of a single LCLS X-ray pulse (λ= 2.07 nm, τ ≈ 100 fs, 2ω ≈ 5-10 μm) with a single ionized droplet at NIR-pump/X-rayprobe delays between -20 and 100 ps
Representative single-shot diffraction patterns corresponding to a variety of time delays between the NIR pump pulse and the X-ray probe pulse are shown in Fig. 1a, in which a substantial change in the shape and ring spacing of the images as a function of time delay and, in particular, a strong correlation between the laser polarization axis and the pattern orientations are readily apparent
Summary
NIR laser field from the onset of anisotropic surface softening to the strongly anisotropic droplet disintegration. Laser induced plasmas generated in sub-micron sized atomic clusters have long been used as finite, replenishing model systems to study the complex correlated electronic and nuclear dynamics of highly ionized systems.
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