Abstract
A preliminary evaluation towards a breeding value of the Holstein breeding bulls with different genotypes of somatotropin cascade genes is presented: pituitary transcription factor or growth hormone factor (PIT1), prolactin (PRL), somatotropin (GH), somatotropin releasing hormone (GHRH), insulin-like (IGF-1) in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan. The research studies the signs (indices) of milk productivity (milk yield and fat in milk) of the closest female ancestors of bulls with different genotypes of somatotropin cascade genes. Studies and analysis have shown that the bulls with the mixed genotypes ABAALLBBAA (10269 kg), AAAALLBBAB (4.13 %) and BBAALLABBB (9402 kg and 4.06 %) had the highest and optimum evaluation by origin, judging by the bulls’ pedigree (geneological) index. The frequency to meet bulls with the desired mixed genotypes was low and amounted to 4.28–5.71 %.
Highlights
Molecular genetics acts as the most diverse approaches and methods to be applied in animal husbandry, including testing breeding animals, their selection that depends on the genetic variants of productivity, diagnosis of hereditary diseases, research on the diversity and genetic structure of a herd, editing the genome and more [1,2,3,4,5,6]
Studies show that PIT1 gene is actively involved in animals development and affects various physiological processes, including a hypophisic and mammary gland growth and development, expression of milk protein and milk secretion
The data presented above indicate about the relevance and prospects of assessing the origin of bulls belonging to the Holstein breed with different mixed genotypes PIT1, PRL, GH, GHRH, IGF1
Summary
Molecular genetics acts as the most diverse approaches and methods to be applied in animal husbandry, including testing breeding animals, their selection that depends on the genetic variants of productivity, diagnosis of hereditary diseases, research on the diversity and genetic structure of a herd, editing the genome and more [1,2,3,4,5,6]. In our earlier studies there was concluded that by the age of 18 months, the highest average daily gains were observed among heifers of the Holstein breed, bearing PRL gene allele in their genotype A compared to the peers with BB genotype In the future, these first-calf heifers, with the largest body weight, had higher milk productivity. The studies of the Holstein cows of Polish and Iranian origin showed that animals with AB genotype in IGF-1 gene (insulin-like growth factor) significantly exceeded the analogues with AA and BB genotypes in such indicators as fat and protein in milk [29,30]. The similar studies that were carried out on cows of the Holstein breed of Polish selection showed that animals with IGFI / SnaBI AB genotype were characterized by the highest milk yield, the amount of milk fat and protein compared to peers with AA genotype. The data presented above indicate about the relevance and prospects of assessing the origin of bulls belonging to the Holstein breed with different mixed genotypes PIT1, PRL, GH, GHRH, IGF1
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