Evaluation the Synergistic Effect of High Dose Radiation of Radioiodine on the Immune System Suppressed By Cyclosporine

Mehrosadat Alavi,Ahmad Movahedpour,Kourosh Bamdad,Fatemeh Ebadi,Motahareh Motazedian,Faezeh Hekmatara,Mohammad Ali Okhovat,Mohammad Atefi

doi:10.3844/ajisp.2015.85.91

Abstract

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant drug and iodine-131 is the diagnostic and therapeutic radioisotope in nuclear medicine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the synergistic effect of high-dose radiation of radioiodine on the suppression of the immune system of BALB/cmice after receiving cyclosporine. A total of 50 mice BALB/c were randomly divided into two groups (control and test). Then, 50 mg kg-1 body weight cyclosporine was given to both groups. After 24 h, 0.5 mL iodine-131 was given to the test group and in the control group the same volume of normal saline was given. Data analysis was done using SPSS V.20 and p value <0.05 was considered significant. After 30 days of monitoring, only 2 deaths (8%) occurred in the control group, however 16 deaths (64%) were observed in the test group. Statistical analysis of the data indicated that there is a significant relationship (p value <0.0005) between injecting radioiodine and the mortality rate in mice receiving cyclosporine and proves the synergistic effect of these two factors. Based on the results, iodine-131 can be introduced as a stimulating and synergistic factor on the suppression of the immune system of BALB/cmice and subsequent death.

Highlights

It's about a century that human knows ionizing radiation is harmful for biological tissues and in adequate doses can lead to irreversible insult, cancer and even death
This study aimed to investigate the synergistic immunosuppressive effect of high-dose radiation of radioiodine on the immune system suppressed by cyclosporine
Statistical analysis of the data by the Chi-Square test indicated a significant relationship (p value

Summary

Introduction

It's about a century that human knows ionizing radiation is harmful for biological tissues and in adequate doses can lead to irreversible insult, cancer and even death. High levels of ionizing radiations from radioactive substances are dangerous for living organisms, including human kind. The first people who worked with X-rays and radioactive substances clearly observed that these substance scan cause burns or scarring and there is a possibility of chromosomal mutation and subsequent cancer even at low levels (NRPB, 1999). In addition to the benefits of early detection and treatment of diseases, the risk of exposure must be considered in medical applications of ionizing radiation such as radiology, nuclear medicine and CT scan. Iodine-131 or radioiodine is a radioactive substance that is widely used in nuclear medicine for both diagnosis and treatment. The dose of iodine-131 used for diagnosis is about 5 mCi, the dose of medical treatment is higher (approximately 20 to 250 mCi and even more in some cases) (Li et al, 2001)

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