Evaluation the Effect of Natural Compounds: Vitamin C, Green Tea, and their Combination on Progression of Mg-63 Osteosarcoma Cell Line Cells. (An In Vitro Study)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcoma (OS) is considered extremely rare type of bone tumor although it is the most common type of malignant bone tumor in children with less common occurrence in elderly patients. Herbal plants and phytoconstituents are recently used in the treatment of OS to avoid the side effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. AIM: The aims of the present study are to investigate the effect of natural compound Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination on OS cell line (Mg-63 cells) after 72 h. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mg-63 cells were obtained from Nawah scientific and divided to four groups: Control untreated cells, Vitamin C treated group, green tea treated group, and Vitamin C and green tea treated group (compounds combination treated group). The viability of treated cells was examined by sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Antioxidant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) assay was performed to investigate the antioxidant property of Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination. Flow cytometer analysis was applied to demonstrate cell cycle analysis and apoptosis. Wound width and cell migration were calculated by wound healing assay. RESULTS: SRB cytotoxic assay revealed that the Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination have a cytotoxic effect on MG-63 cells and Vitamin C has more cytotoxic effect than other two groups. Antioxidant DPPH assay showed that Vitamin C is more antioxidant agent than green tea and their combination on MG-63 cells. Flow cytometry assay revealed that the all-treated cells in different groups are arrested in cell cycle. Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination induced apoptosis and necrosis. Migration of MG-63 cells is inhibited after treated by Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination. CONCLUSION: Vitamin C, green tea, and their combination have cytotoxic effect on Mg-63 cells, also induced their effects on the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Anti-oxidant test was applied on three drugs revealed the powerful anti-oxidant capacity of Vitamin C than green tea and their combination. At least wound healing test was applied on malignant Mg-63 cells treated with our drugs that revealed Vitamin C was more effective.