EVALUATION STUDY ON WOODEN PILLAR MOSQUES BUILT IN ANATOLIA IN THE 13TH CENTURY

Abstract

In this article, mosques that are carried on wooden poles, which have a very important place among Anatolian Seljuk and Principalities (Beyliks) Period mosques and covered with flat wooden roofs, are discussed. With the continuation of the wooden pillar mosque tradition in Central Asia, very important examples of this building type, which were brought to Anatolia by the Turks in the Anatolian Seljuk State Period, were revealed in the 13th century. In this study, Beyşehir Eşrefoğlu Mosque, Afyon Ulu Mosque, Ankara Arslanhane (Ahi Şerafettin Mosque) and Sivrihisar Ulu Mosque, which are the most magnificent examples of this building type, were investigated. After the archive and literature researches about these buildings were done, a catalog study of the buildings was made. Within the scope of this study, the formal features of the buildings such as plan, facade, construction technique, plan type, number of entrances, the presence of the last congregation and the presence of a gathered floor, the environmental relation, the spatial characteristics such as the carrier element and the architectural elements were examined. The aim of the article is to make a general inference on the wooden pillar mosques built in Anatolia in the 13th century in line with the data obtained from the studies and to determine the common aspects of wooden pillar mosques built in four different parts of Anatolia. In the light of the information obtained as a result of the catalog studies and archive scans, it has been observed that the structures have similar characteristics especially in terms of the materials and construction techniques used, but some of their features differ and take shape in line with the construction traditions of the places where they are located. Konya Sahipata Mosque, which was built in the 13th century, was excluded from the scope of the study, as its general characteristics were completely changed after the fire.