Abstract

Objective:This research was conducted to study the wound healing process of whole fruit pomegranate extract (punica granatum) standardized with 40% ellagic acid ointment for deep second-degree burn wound of skin in the rat (Rattus norvegicus).Materials and Methods:Powder of standardized pomegranate extract (SPE) with 40% ellagic acid was processed to become ointments. Twenty-five male rats, weighed 150–180 gm at 3 months of age, were randomly divided into five groups. After anesthetized, stainless circle plate with 1 cm of diameter in 85°C was contacted firmly toward right gluteal of rat skins for 5 sec in order to create deep second-degree burn wound. Control groups consist of (T0) cream base and (T1) 1% silver sulfadiazine. Treatment groups consist of (T2) 2.5% SPE, (T3) 5% SPE, and (T4) 10% SPE. Histopathological preparation used hematoxylin-eosin stained skin samples. Histological observations were performed using the optics microscope against collagen, the number of polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) infiltration, the degree of angiogenesis, and re-epithelization. The results were statistically compared between groups.Results:Microscopic observation on the wound healing process on the collagen, PMN infiltration, angiogenesis, and re-epithelization showed that topical administration of 10% SPE in burns gives the best result. This is characterized by a high density of collagen with a good arrangement, which is accompanied by a complete and mature epithelium, low number of inflammatory cells, and angiogenesis. This may be caused by the compounds in the pomegranate extract, which have the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-bacterial effects.Conclusion:This study reveals that 10% SPE accelerates the healing of deep second-degree burn wound. Thus, pomegranate standardized with 40% ellagic acid is a promising herb for the healing of burn wound of skin.

Highlights

  • Burn wound is one of the most considerable cases in the world [1]

  • Microscopic observation on the wound healing process on the collagen, polymorphonuclear cell (PMN) infiltration, angiogenesis, and re-epithelization showed that topical administration of 10% standardized pomegranate extract (SPE) in burns gives the best result

  • Deep second degree of burn wound is characterized with blister [4] that reaches reticular dermal layer and it has a higher risk of chronic local inflammation of dermis, followed by the formation of keloid or hypertrophic scar which may remain for a longer period of time [5]

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Summary

Introduction

Burn wound is one of the most considerable cases in the world [1]. Burn wound creates an extensive loss of cells and tissues, which makes the repair process more complicated than incision wound [2]. There are four stages of the wound healing process: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling [6]. Evaluation of wound healing potential of pomegranate (Punica granatum) whole fruit extract on skin burn wound in rats (Rattus norvegicus). J Adv Vet Anim Res 2019; 6(2):202. Researchers are still searching for an alternative drug to optimize the healing result of the burn wound. Current research seems to indicate that the most therapeutically beneficial pomegranate’s constituent is ellagic acid, which comes from ellagitannins (ETs) [10,11]. Pomegranate extract is currently standardized with ellagic acid. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of standardized pomegranate extract with 40% ellagic acid for deep second-degree burn wound in the rat

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