Evaluation of work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Shoulder and Neck with Ergonomic Intervention among School Teachers

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD) have been described as the most disreputable and common causes of severe long term pain and physical disability that affect hundreds of millions of people across the world. From the literature review it is observed that MSD is very common among School teachers and they represent an occupational group among which there appears to be a high prevalence [7]. This study explored whether these disorders can be reduced by the provision of ergonomic intervention and exercises. It has been proposed as a conservative, noninvasive and cost effective intervention to treat MSDs as it functions to correct the cause of repetitive micro traumas. Lowering the physical exposure through ergonomic intervention is the traditional strategy to increase the work comfort in teachers. Hence, our goal is to present evidence-based intervention strategies for school teachers that will assist in ultimately reducing these potentially career-threatening injuries. OBJECTIVE: 1) To identify the work related musculoskeletal disorder in shoulder and neck among school teachers 2) To determine the effects of ergonomic intervention among school teachers. METHODOLOGY: 50 subjects with musculoskeletal disorder were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The subjects were divided into two groups (GROUP A –control group) and (GROUP B –intervention group) by consecutive odd or even method and detailed procedures are explained in patient’s words and informed consent are obtained from all the participants. Subjects were assessed for presence of musculoskeletal disorders affecting neck and shoulder. The subjects are asked to fill the questionnaire form (SPADI and NDI) about musculoskeletal symptoms and intensity. For the two groups pre-test and post-test values will be noted and taken as outcome values. STUDY DESIGN: Quasi Experimental Study Design. OUTCOME MEASURE: 1. SHOULDER PAIN AND DISABILITY INDEX (SPADI) 2. NECK DISABILITY INDEX (NDI). RESULTS: Statistical Analysis was carried out for the collected data using descriptive and interferential statistics. Mean and standard deviation was calculated for sub-scales of SPADI and NDI Questionnaire in pre-test and post-test and the data were computerized and analyzed. The mean value and standard errors were calculated for different variables and the difference in mean value was tested for statistical significance using un paired t test. P value of <0.0001 was considered as statistically significant. CONCLUSION: It has been concluded that, Ergonomic advice, relaxation exercises with isometrics for neck and shoulder of group-B is more effective than conventional exercise of group-A, in reducing pain and disability in subjects with WSMDs in neck and shoulder.