Evaluation of winter harder of black currant hybrid forms in Yakutia

Abstract

In Yakutia’s harsh natural and climatic conditions, growing only adaptive, highly winter-hardy blackcurrant varieties that can tolerate frosts below -50˚С is possible. In this regard, it is relevant to study the winter hardiness of hybrids and the selection of resistant samples. The purpose of the study is to identify winterhardy hybrid forms of black currant in the conditions of Central Yakutia. The studies were conducted in 2019–2021 at the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture in a fruit and berry nursery. The objects of research are hybrid forms of 9 families of black currant. Inter-varietal crosses obtained the mixed material. During the study period, the weather conditions of winter were somewhat different. The winter of 2020/21 was cha-characterised by particular severity. The average air temperature in January was -46.3°C and the absolute winter minimum was -56.4°C. The frostiness of the winter was -4679.2°C and the snow depth was 30.5 cm.). The output of winter-hardy seedlings for all families was 23.6%. As a result of the study, 11 highly winter-hardy hybrid forms of various genetic origins were identified - 1-7-18, 2-8-18, 2-13-18, 2-14-18, 2-16-18, 4-12-18, 2- 19-18, 3-14-18, 3-22-18, 4-1-18, 3-2-18. They will be used in the practical breeding of blackcurrant as sources of high winter hardiness and varieties with a complex of economically valuable traits - as the ancestors of new types.