Abstract
Weeds are posing a serious problem in maize. The congenial climatic conditions encourage more weed growth in the widely spaced crop like maize and cause yield reduction to the tune of 29 to 70 percent. A field experiment was conducted for two years at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during kharif seasons of 2010 and 2011 to evaluate the weed management options for transgenic stacked (TC 1507 & NK 603) and conventional maize hybrids. The experiments were conducted with the following objective to evaluate the weed control efficiency and crop productivity with K salt of glyphosate formulations under field conditions. Treatments consisted of two transgenic stacked hybrids named 30V92 and 30B11 applied with glyphosate as early post emergence at 900 and 1800 g a.e ha-1 during kharif, 2010 and conventional maize hybrids named 30V92 and 30B11 applied with glyphosate by controlled droplet application method at 900, 1350 and 1800 g a.e ha-1 during kharif, 2011 compared with non transgenic counterpart maize hybrids applied with pre emergence atrazine at 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by one hand weeding on 40 DAS with and without insect management. Based on the two years field experimentation, it was found that early post emergence application of glyphosate at 1800 g a.e ha-1 gave significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and higher weed control efficiency at all the intervals. Higher grain yield was registered with post emergence application of glyphosate at 1800 g a.e ha-1 in transgenic and conventional maize hybrid of 30V92 (12.21 t ha-1 and 11.23 t ha-1 ) during both seasons of the study. Unweeded control accounted for grain yield which in turn reflected through higher weed index
Highlights
The development of crop cultivar with resistance to selected herbicides has a positive impact on agricultural production
Treatments consisted of two transgenic stacked hybrids named 30V92 and 30B11 applied with glyphosate as early post emergence at 900 and 1800 g a.e ha–1 during kharif, 2010 and conventional maize hybrids named 30V92 and 30B11 applied with glyphosate by controlled droplet application method at 900, 1350 and 1800 g a.e ha–1 during kharif, 2011 compared with non transgenic counterpart maize hybrids applied with pre emergence atrazine at 0.5 kg ha–1 followed by one hand weeding on 40 DAS with and without insect management
Based on the two years field experimentation, it was found that early post emergence application of glyphosate at 1800 g a.e ha–1 gave significantly lower weed density, weed dry weight and higher weed control efficiency at all the intervals
Summary
The development of crop cultivar with resistance to selected herbicides has a positive impact on agricultural production. Maize was an ideal crop due to availability of the plant to acclimate to many soil and climate conditions It is an important cereal crops cultivated worldwide. Evaluation of Weed Control Options for Herbicide Resistant Transgenic Stacked (TC 1507 X NK603) and Conventional Maize Hybrids for Higher Productivity glyphosates resistant crops, glyphosate is being applied to control existing vegetation prior to sowing the crops. It can be used as post emergence herbicide in glyphosate resistant crops [4]. Transgenic stacked hybrid maize (TC1507 X NK 603) was developed for preventing yield losses for maize crop due to pests and weeds and to improve productivity. In view of the above facts, an experiment on “Evaluation of weed management options for transgenic stacked and non transgenic maize hybrids’ was formulated with the following objectives: 1) To evaluate the weed management efficiency of glyphosate K salt formulation under field conditions and carry-over on succeeding crops; 2) To study the effect of different weed management practices on maize growth and development
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