Abstract
This paper constructs a water resources security evaluation model from the “man (human activity intensity)-land (geological and geomorphological features)-water (water resources background conditions)” perspective, which accounts for the characteristics of hydrology and water resources in karst areas. A water resources security evaluation index system is established from three aspects (i.e., the background conditions of water resources, human activity intensity and geological and geomorphological features). The evaluation standard threshold is determined in accordance with relevant standards and domestic/foreign development experience. Both the comprehensive weights obtained by the Lagrange coefficient and the multi-objective fuzzy membership functions are used to comprehensively evaluate the spatial and temporal evolution of water resources security in Guizhou Province from 2001 to 2015. The results show that the water resources security comprehensive index of Guizhou Province was between 0.6 and 0.8 during this time (relatively safe type) and the safety was trending upwards. However, the comprehensive index of water resources security of each city in Guizhou Province demonstrates significant spatiotemporal variation. Whilst the comprehensive index was low in the Western part and high in the Eastern part of the province, it generally improved over time for the entire province. Moreover, the criteria layer indexes of water resources security in Guizhou Province and all cities also showed different degrees of variation and regional consistency across space and time. The interaction among these three aspects promoted the spatiotemporal variation of the Water Resources Security Comprehensive Index. In order to safeguard and improve water resources security, it is important to strengthen ecological and environmental management, promote the efficient use of water resources, establish sound management measures and security system related institutions and ensure water resources security.
Highlights
Water resources serve an important role in promoting stable development of the social economy and supporting the ecological environment of a region and country [1,2]
In order to make the evaluation results comparable on both temporal and spatial scales at high levels of statistical significance, we referred to research literature of water security at home and abroad, combined with the water resources security (WRS) index critical value and the related domestic and foreign standards and planning objectives issued by the government, according to the sample data distribution characteristics and experience at the same time, of which the indicators were divided into: safe, relatively safe, critically safe, unsafe and extremely unsafe
K =1 j =1 where Fλi is the comprehensive index of WRS of region i in year λ, skj is the comprehensive weight of the indicator relative to the criterion layer, slk is the comprehensive weight of the criterion layer relative to the target layer, m and n represent the number of evaluation indexes in the criterion layer and the index layer, respectively
Summary
Institute of mountain resources of Guizhou Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China School of Management, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China Received: 25 November 2018; Accepted: 23 January 2019; Published: 29 January 2019
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